Celebrity Cult, Part 1

Power of the crowd

During a political rally, the speaker climbs on the podium, snatches the microphone and addresses the crowd. The latter, at first only in anticipation, soon begins to nod in agreement, applauds, finally becomes “inflamed” and rises up to proclaim their approval with enthusiasm. The “current” sometimes flows so well between the audience and the speaker that by the time he has them “in his palm” he can manipulate the masses as he sees fit — for good or ill, as history teaches. The variety of individual opinions goes out the window. As if under a spell, the crowd suddenly stands “as one man”.

How is such a thing possible? Looked at superficially, it might be assumed that the speaker possesses abilities surpassing those of the crowd. Actually, however, his own power is of no account, being no greater than those of his listeners. If he is able to dominate the crowd it is because he - usually subconsciously - uses the power of his audience for his own purposes.
This process is readily explained by the concept of “thought forms”.

Our thoughts do not exist in the material sense, since they are neither visible nor tangible. In the otherworldly, fine-material domain, however, every thought takes on a form as soon as it is sent out by the individual. The form corresponds to the thought content and achieves greater power the more intensively it is felt and the more frequently it is “nurtured”. The fleeting form arising from a superficial thought therefore dissolves and vanishes quickly again, since it is not sustained by any power. On the other hand, recurrent, perceptive or emotional thoughts develop powerful forms. These influence the surroundings, and always also the person from whom they originated. Every human being remains connected with his fine-material products.

Thought forms are never alone, however. According to the law of the attraction of homogeneous species, they group - according to similar kind - into grid-like thought-centres. The power of such a thought-centre is enormous, because it encompasses the totality of individual thoughts of similar kind. The power grows with the number of people attached and the intensity of the perceptions, all of whom “energize” these thoughts.

During an address, the speaker therefore forms with the assistance of the thought energy of his listeners a powerful thought-centre, on which he lavishes fine-material energy through personal persuasiveness. He may also make use of certain slogans. The influence or resonance of such thought-centres on the thinking of the crowd can finally become so great, that deeds arise from it, which the individual of himself would never have achieved. Similar fine processes happen with a so-called “star”.
Becoming a star

In the case of movie or pop-stars and other idols, thoughts are not concentrated on a political ideal but on a person. This focus can follow from a natural development or also the result of a purposeful action.

In simple terms one can distinguish two types of “stars”: To the one group belong those who gradually became famous on the basis of their talent, and throughout their career show qualities, for which they are respected or admired. The thought centres connected with them have formed slowly and are borne on the waves of enthusiasm aroused along the way in the public.

To the other group belong “stars” with whom the thought centre does not accompany the development of the career as a natural consequence but precedes it. The artist concerned becomes a “star” due above all to an “image” artificially created for commercial reasons and whose pulling power is usually supported by intense marketing campaigns.

Such “manufactured stars” are no rarity today. Television programmes, newspapers, magazines, posters, movies or videos lend themselves exceptionally well to calling a certain picture to mind, “preserving” the “image” of the star and inciting the public to ever new raptures.

Naturally, the “star image” must correspond to some need of the public, must fulfil an ideal, a dream, a longing. Otherwise, the thought-centre would receive no inflow of energy. There is not only the ideal image of the star, who embodies all that is superlative and succeeds in everything, but sometimes it is also the abnormal, outrageous, the provocative that - especially in the eyes of the youth - seem “ideal” in a star.

In whatever way a man becomes a star, he is surrounded by the “aura” of a powerful thought-centre, which raises him above his peers. Not for nothing is there a saying of the “star” which has arisen and shines upon the masses.

"The Whey Prescription: The Healing Miracle in Milk", Excerpt, Part 2

Here are four of its main healing properties.

• With the lactic acid present and that produced by the lactose it contains, whey stimulates intestinal peristalsis.
  The muscles responsible for intestinal peristalsis can be stimulated in two ways. There is the mechanical way: This is caused by food fiber (wheat bran, oat bran, cellulose contained in fruits and vegetables) filling the intestine, which reflexively triggers the peristaltic process. Then there is the chemical way: This is caused by the presence of specific stimulating substances (the active substances of various medicinal plants or, in the case that concerns us specifically, the lactic acid of whey).
  Rather than having a purgative effect, whey is a quite gentle laxative. It is effective in the case of intestinal sluggishness as well for both occasional and chronic constipation. It has even sometimes provided excellent results in cases where the intestines have been exhausted by overuse of purges and harsh chemical laxatives.

• Regenerating the Intestinal Flora
  The lactose content of whey inhibits the presence of bacteria that causes putrefaction and encourages the functions performed by the beneficial bacteria. By helping the intestinal flora regenerate, whey has a beneficial effect on the digestive process. When intestinal flora is partially destroyed or imbalanced, the transformation of food is poorly achieved, which can cause a number of chronic digestive disorders. Taking whey regularly can cure these problems and restore normal digestive function. The stools reacquire their normal consistency (neither too hard as is the case with constipation or too soft as occurs with diarrhea) and lose their foul odor. Flatulence and bloating also disappear. Lactose is the nourishment of choice for the beneficial bacteria of intestinal floras, because it allows them to reproduce and multiply much more easily. It is therefore particularly useful to consume whey at times when the microorganisms of the intestinal flora have been destroyed, for example when antibiotics have been taken.

• Eliminating Excess Water from the Tissues
  Bodily tissues hold a certain amount of fluids that are retained there by, among other things, the presence of salt. Consequently, there is a physiologically beneficial salt content in the body. In certain pathological situations, however, this content can increase, which naturally results in an increase of the amount of fluid that is held. Edemas will appear, often in the legs (particularly around the ankles), the hands (making it difficult to remove rings), and the eyelids. Because this additional water content has caused the tissues that make up the various organs to swell, numerous health problems can result, including high blood pressure, blood or lymphatic stasis, and organ congestion.
  Taking whey, which is rich in potassium, is quite useful in these situations because potassium is the natural enemy of salt and expels it from the body along with the water it has retained. Whey does not create imbalance in the mineral composition of bodily fluids as chemical diuretics can. It expels only excess water the tissues are holding, and not the constituent fluid that is normally present.
  A large fluid elimination is one of he more visible and spectacular effects of the whey cure. The quantities of urine that are eliminated are clearly higher than the quantities of water ingested, especially when the individual has been retaining water.

• Stimulating Toxin elimination by the Kidneys
  The kidneys are among the main organs for the elimination of wastes and metabolic residues. They filter wastes out of the blood and eliminate them in a diluted form as urine. The kidneys are constantly working to maintain the composition of the blood as close to its ideal as possible.
  The wastes eliminated by the kidneys include urea, uric acid, creatinine, salts, and expended minerals. For various reasons however, this elimination can take place in an insufficient manner. Unable to exit the blood, the wastes collect in the body where they can cause various disorders. Gout, for example, is a disease caused by the presence of too much uric acid in the body, acid the kidneys should be eliminating. This disease is displayed by very painful crisis of acute arthritis, generally located in the big toe.
  Other diseases caused by poor renal elimination include rheumatism, osteoarthritis, and some forms of eczema. The kidneys themselves can also be afflicted when wastes collect in their filters.
  During a whey cure, the heightened levels of liquid travelling through the kidney support the transport and elimination of toxins. This cleans out the renal filter, thereby increasing the possibilities for waste evacuation, and allows the wastes carried to the kidneys by the blood to be much more easily and copiously eliminated. The end result is a general cleansing of the entire system.
  Blood analysis after whey cures confirms that the blood has rid itself of numerous wastes. This is also evident by the fact that the symptoms of diseases will diminish in intensity or disappear altogether.

Principal Indications for the Whey Cure

• Antibiotic Treatment
• Bladder Infections
• Blood Viscosity and High Cholesterol
• Constipation or Intestinal Laziness
• Diabetes
• Fatigue, Lack of Energy and Enthusiasm
• Gas and Bloating
• Heart Attack, Brain Congestion
• Hemorrhoids
• High Blood Pressure
• Indigestion
• Joint Diseases
• Kidney Diseases
• Kidney Stones
• Liver Diseases and Insufficiencies
• Muscular Spasms and Cramps
• Skin Disorders
• Water Retention and Edema
• Weight Problems

"The Whey Prescription: The Healing Miracle in Milk", Excerpt, Part 1

What is Whey ?

During the manufacture of cheese, milk is curdled by means of rennet. The milk coagulates and a hard part (casein) and a liquid part (whey, also called lactoserum) appear. Whey is therefore the liquid that escapes from the curd when it is left to drain. It is transparent, yellowish-green in colour, and possesses a slightly tart flavour that is fairly pleasant.

The History of Whey

In 1749 a patient in the city of Zurich, Switzerland, who the medical treatments of the time were unable to cure and to whom the doctors were giving little time left to live, journeyed to the mountain village of Gais (in the canton of Appenzell) and was healed of his disease by drinking whey on a daily basis.

Was this patient aware of the past success of treatments based on drinking whey, the liquid known to the Greek doctors of Antiquity as “healing water”, or had he heard the peasants of this mountainous region talk about whey's healing properties?

We don't know but news of this patient, who had survived despite his doctor's terrible diagnosis, soon spread and numerous disease-sufferers flooded to Gais to benefit in turn from the miraculous healing properties of whey. A health spa was soon created in this tiny village. It was followed by the opening of more than 160 others in Switzerland, Austria, and Germany. These spas were most active in the middle of the eighteenth century and throughout the nineteenth century. The renowned benefits of the whey cure brought emperors, princes, and aristocrats from all of Europe to take the cure in these spas, to be healed of their ailments or simply to improve their general health.

What is most amazing about whey is that its healing properties have been recognized since antiquity and modern scientific research has only confirmed the knowledge of the ancients. The whey cure is used today just as it was twenty-four centuries ago. Few remedies or cures can boast of such a long history and such unanimous agreement about its virtues.

Hippocrates (466-377 BCE), the father of medicine, recommended whey to his patients. Following him, Galen (131-299 CE), another founding father of medicine, advised his patients about the whey cure. For a time he even directed a treatment centre sponsored by the famous school of Salerno at the foot of the “milk mountain” in Italy, between Sorrento and Naples.

The healing Properties of Whey

Whey has numerous healing properties. Contrary to other remedies or foods that act only on a single organ or in a single manner, whey's healing action works in multiple fashions. It acts on the intestines, liver, and kidneys, while encouraging assimilatory and eliminatory functions.

Natural Disasters: How are animals warned?, Part 2

Precognition

Humans and animals usually perceive visual and auditory signals as they are emitted. The event and its perception always happen simultaneously. But in the cases we have been considering, the animals perceived something before the earthquake, storm, or volcanic eruption has occurred.

An earthquake is preceded by a lot of small tremors imperceptible to humans but which animals can detect. But according to specialists, these small tremors happen all the time. They testify to the continual activity of the earth’s crust and rarely signal an earthquake of any significance. Why then do dogs, which like elephants and bats are very sensitive to tremors, howl only before the big earthquakes?

It is also true that storms are preceded by modifications in atmospheric pressure and air humidity ... that could allow some animals to become aware of their arrival. But, here too, such changes take place at all times without necessarily heralding a devastating storm. Why do animals react only when a real storm is approaching?

If it is understandable that an animal endowed with a very developed sense can discern what is not perceptible to others, it does not explain why it can receive a signal before an event takes place. What is this sense that is capable of perceiving what has not yet taken place? This perception can in fact take place well in advance.

In 1738, in Messina, Italy, dogs howled minutes before an earthquake destroyed the town, killing over 50,000 people. In 1910 in Landsberg, Germany, bees abandoned their hives to fly off in the air only minutes before an earthquake. But it was a full half hour before the earthquake that destroyed 20,000 houses in Greece, in 1953, that the stork population in the region suddenly took flight and circled overhead in an unusual manner, squawking aloud. The people were thus alerted and only 27 died.

On March 5, 1977 in Rumania it was one hour before the earth quaked that chickens and cows, by their agitation and attempts to flee their coops and stalls, warned their owners of the approaching danger. In 1969, in Yientsin, China, officials warned the population about an imminent earthquake, two hours in advance, after noticing the agitated behaviour of tigers, pandas, and stags in the zoo.

A day before an earthquake destroyed Orléansville, Algeria, in 1954, a lot of domestic pets had left the town. In Alaska, in 1964, polar bears did likewise, shortening their hibernation by two weeks to escape the earthquake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale.

Animals are also able to perceive coming dangers that are not directly connected with the forces of nature.

In the United States in the 1960s, a dog-owner was playing cards with friends in a coffee house. Unusually, his dog continually pestered him, whining, agitated and restless. Irritated, he opened the door and let it out. Minutes later the dog got back inside through the window and restarted its merry-go-round. Now exasperated, the owner took the dog outside. He hardly stepped through the threshold when the roof of the building collapsed, burying the occupants.

Likewise in Oviedo, Spain, in 1961, a cart-drawing horse blocked traffic by obstinately refusing to enter a tunnel its master wanted to use. Threats or whips could not make it budge. Meanwhile a huge traffic jam had started to build up behind. Suddenly a thunderous roar drowned the din of the horns and shouts: the tunnel roof had collapsed in a dreadful thud!

Another peculiar fact: According to witnesses, an hour before the atom bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, hundreds of dogs had gathered to bark at impending death.

Sensible behaviour

Faced with a dangerous situation, to which they are oblivious in part, human beings sometimes exhibit a senseless behaviour. We expect animals to behave the same way, since in spite of a heightened sensitivity to the approach of danger they cannot know its exact nature until it happens.

This senseless behaviour appears, for example, in eels that beach voluntarily before a tsunami, fishes that jump on the river bank to escape an earthquake, or rats that hide inside buildings that will collapse and bury them during an earthquake.

Contrary to such panic-induced behaviour, some animals depart from usual behaviour and react in a way perfectly suited to the danger.

Normally, on sensing danger, a frog would instinctively jump into its pond and hide in the depths. A researcher reported frogs abandoning their habitat stream and moving as far away as possible in order to escape an imminent rise in the water level.

When frightened, cats usually hide under a piece of furniture or in isolated corners of their owners’ homes. But in Fréjus, the cats meowed and scratched frantically on doors and windows, escaping through every available opening, just before the dam ruptured upstream, betraying once again an uncanny prior knowledge.

We rightly marvel at the story of the elephants in Yala Park, Sri Lanka, that sought refuge before the tsunami. According to scientists, it is their sensitivity to low frequencies that allowed them to detect the earthquake hundreds of kilometres away in North Indonesia, and which later caused the destructive wave. It is one thing for the elephants to detect the earthquake, but how did they know they needed to move to higher ground in order to escape the tsunami that would follow from the earthquake? Many will say: “It’s the sixth sense that animals possess”.

What is the sixth sense of animals?

Because the heightened senses of animals cannot fully explain their ability to discern an impending natural disaster, some people invoke a sixth sense attribute.
The sixth sense, if it exists at all, should have the property to detect a natural phenomena, its time of arrival, the consequences on the environment and appropriate reaction to deal with it, and all this well in advance. That would indeed be expecting a lot from a simple sense. There must therefore be something else. But what?

In the Grail Message an altogether different explanation from what we usually hear is given. It is not a question of an anticipated perception but the reception of an early warning given by personified forces of nature or what are called elemental beings.

“The elemental beings know exactly when and where sudden changes in Nature are about to take place, such as landslides, rocks being dislodged from mountains, trees falling, the caving-in of land undermined by water, the bursting of a dam, sudden water eruptions, volcanic and fire eruptions, tidal waves and floods, earthquakes, and everything else coming within the same category, because they themselves are occupied with the preparation and bringing about of such changes, which men call disasters and catastrophes.

“If such a happening is imminent it may well be that an animal or a person approaching the spot is warned by these elementals. They block the way and try, through vehement motions, shouting or sudden impressions upon their feelings, to induce them to return. The animal is startled, its hair “bristles”, and it energetically refuses to continue, quite contrary to its usual behaviour, so that often as an exception even the best-trained animal disobeys its master. This is the reason for the striking behaviour of the animal in such cases. Man, however, does not see these elemental beings and very often runs into the danger, thereby perishing or suffering great harm.” (Volume III, Lecture 5).

The truthfulness of such possible interventions is confirmed in the Bible. An entity prevents Balaam’s donkey from taking his master to the neighbouring tribe. That entity, described as an angel in the account, is not visible to Balaam but the donkey clearly sees it and refuses to move forward. (Numbers 22, 28-34).

The detection of variations in magnetic fields, of ultra or infra sounds, and so on, suggested by scientists is only one of the ways through which animals can become aware of impending natural disasters. Warnings given by elemental beings are another.

Natural Disasters: How are animals warned?, Part 1

Numerous testimonies

In Martinique, in 1902, several days before the eruption of Mount Pelée, all animals, from birds to reptiles, fled the surroundings of the volcano. The people stayed. There was only one survivor out of the 40,000 inhabitants: a prisoner protected by the thick walls of his jail.

In Fréjus, France, in 1959, all the cats deserted their homes before the dam built upstream burst and flooded the lower part of town, killing over 400 people. And in 1999, in the Vosges, before the violent hurricane Lothar hit, with violent winds that felled numerous trees, all the deer had left the thick of the forests to regroup in the open clearings.

On December 26, 2004 the Yala National Park in Sri Lanka was devastated by a tsunami that penetrated up to three kilometres inland and covered an area of 300 hectares. Surging waves destroyed buildings and transformed vehicles into deadly missiles. Although more than 200 elephants and numerous other animals lived in the park, not a single one succumbed to the tidal wave. “No elephant died, not the least hare or rabbit. I think animals can sense disasters coming. They have a sixth sense. They know that something is about to happen”, declared one of the park officials. From a helicopter a journalist sighted the herd of elephants on dry land. The authorities in Sri Lanka confirmed the fact that no dead wild animal was found among the tens of thousands of human remains recovered.

At all times and everywhere in the world such events are related and never fail to fill man with wonder, prompting him to ponder the mysterious faculty that animals possess to have a premonition of such dangers.
The scientific approach

To scientists there is nothing mysterious or inexplicable about animals knowing in advance that a natural disaster is going to take place. Contrary to humans who live in a secure environment, animals live in an environment fraught with a thousand hidden dangers. They are constantly on the alert for predators, to defend their territory and their young, to escape the inclement weather, to find food and so on.

In order to survive the multiple dangers confronting them, animals have developed heightened faculties of perception. In some the sense of hearing is especially refined. The sounds that they are able to pick up are greatly increased towards the high or low end of the frequency spectrum, thus allowing them to hear their enemy “from afar.”

Bats and insects, for example, discern ultra-sounds that are inaudible to humans. Rocks subjected to strong pressures, as it is the case with an impending earthquake, emit sounds of high frequency. That is certainly why shortly before the earthquake that triggered the tsunami of December 2004 thousands of bats were witnessed in Sri Lanka flying away from their deep cave habitats in broad daylight, whereas these animals normally come out only at night.

Elephants, on the other hand, detect infra-sounds. Those of the Yala Park mentioned earlier as having escaped the tsunami probably discerned low frequency sounds emitted by the shifting continental plates, thus allowing them to get to the shelter.

Other animals, snakes for example, are very sensitive to variations in the earth’s magnetic fields, which alter strongly in the hours preceding earthquakes. It would explain why snakes leave their holes before the first tremors to avoid, as has often been observed, being crushed. Chickens, geese and pigeons are also observed to become extremely agitated before earthquakes.

According to some researchers, such panic is due to the ability of these birds to perceive emission of radioactive gases, like radon, which occurs when deep subterranean rock layers, with trapped gases, crack and shift shortly before the earth quakes.

The acute perception of the animals is certainly a part of the explanation of why they foresee danger, but it does not explain all. Two reasons prompt us to think that there must be something else than the sixth sense we speak so much about. Firstly animals react before the event takes place, and secondly they react intelligently in relation to the danger. Let us examine these two elements.

Temperament and Health, Part 2

The Elements

Each temperament corresponds to one of the four elements: Air, Earth, Fire and Water. Sanguine types are mobile and free as the air, melancholic types are reticent and heavy like the earth, choleric types are lively and active like fire and phlegmatic types are peaceful and “calm as the lake.”

To correspond to an element, however, means not merely to have its characteristics, but also to have an affinity with everything of a similar kind. Thus a phlegmatic person likes being on the bank of a stream, by a lake or the open sea. Water therapies, thermal baths or similar treatments have a good effect upon him. Swimming is his favourite physical activity. He appreciates liquid forms of nutrition (soups, semi-solid puddings, sauces) and reacts better to herbal medicines in the form of teas than to dry pills. Of all the different forms of massage, lymph drainage is the most helpful. Sea products like fish, algae, etc., are good for him; the iodine they contain stimulates the thyroid gland and thereby the sluggish metabolism.

Choleric people on the other hand are ruled by fire. They are not especially keen on water, but are attracted by everything dry and warm — just like their own element. They prefer physical mobility and the ensuing warmth. As therapy, the sun, hot air (sauna) and warm compresses work well, as do extracting and stimulating applications (mustard poultices), also herbal remedies dry as pills or capsules. Choleric types prefer strongly seasoned and dry, concentrated foods (grilled meats rather than stews, bread rather than porridge). Since muscles predominate with them, massage appeals to them.

Everything connected with air is especially suited to the sanguine type: walks, hiking, changes of location on foot or by bike, activities in the fresh air. Taking in pure air in the country, in the woods or at the seaside, especially where the wind is blowing, works far better than sunbathing or water therapies. Breathing exercises are a joy. Medicinal herbs are best taken in the form of inhalation or steam baths. The sanguine type can manage on very little food, as long as he gets sufficient of the “nourishing” air from his activities, otherwise he is inclined to compensate through over-eating.

Melancholic types have an affinity with the earth element and react well to mud-baths, volcanic earth and compresses made from healing earth. Their nutrition should be rich in mineral salts. Herbal medicine is most suitable in tablet or capsule form. The nervous system being predominant, reflex zone massages are to be specially recommended, as are any and all methods of relaxation. Melancholic people need to get enough sleep. They do not care for calm and repetitive physical activity (like weight lifting), but they like any sports that stimulate with plenty of movement in variety, such as tennis and team games.

This schematic depiction naturally needs to be adapted in practice. A water therapy goes down well not only with phlegmatic people. It can be adapted for the other temperaments. Thus while total submersion in the element (like swimming in the sea) is very beneficial for the phlegmatic, the sanguine will respond better to a shower, the melancholic needs an even less watery application (for example, compresses) and the choleric prefers the hot steam of the sauna.
One further important point to watch out for in therapy is that just as like attracts like, opposites repel. One should therefore not suggest as therapy something that really belongs to the opposite temperament. For example, it would be wrong to forbid a sanguine person any social contact, to counsel a choleric person against any form of physical activity, to confront a phlegmatic type with sports or particularly strenuous massage, or to refuse a melancholic any stimulation (no reading, no amusements, no outings). That would weaken their health.

The connections between temperament, body constitution, element and lifestyle explain why not every treatment has equal appeal for all patients. Warm and dry medicinal herbs like rosemary and thyme, for instance, have a greater effect on the warm and dry temperament of the choleric person, but rather less on the damp and warm temperament of the sanguine person, and little or no effect on the cold temperament of the phlegmatic or the melancholic. Or: Depending on his affinity with the element of water, a stay at the seaside works exceptionally well for a phlegmatic person, but is less beneficial for a melancholic, who might be overly excited by the iodine. Conversely, the reduced oxygen on the mountain height is beneficial for the choleric and melancholic person, but it unsettles the phlegmatic. Sadly, the knowledge of these interconnections has been largely lost. It could be of tremendous help, though not only in therapy but also to get to know oneself better and to achieve more in life, according to one's own temperament and element.

Temperament and Health, Part 1

The human body is made up of four organ systems: the digestive system, nervous system, the musculo-skeletal system and the system of heart and lungs. These systems differ in strength from person to person. One system will supersede the others and in this way influences the physical constitution.

The prominence of one of the systems correlates with the temperament of the person concerned: With a phlegmatic person it is digestion that predominates, with the melancholic it is the brain and nerves, with the choleric person it is the bones and muscles, and with a sanguine person it is the heart and lungs.

Yet the dominance of an organ system does not of itself determine the temperament of the one concerned. There is also a psychic component. Our body constitution and the way we do things are linked. Thus a choleric person possesses a well-developed musculo-skeletal system as well as being active, athletic and enterprising. The organs necessary for physical activity are exceptionally well developed, helping to bring him success in life, but they are at the same time also the most at risk of breakdown from the excessive strain.

In this way the temperaments make it possible to divide humans into four main groups, each having a similar physical constitution and lifestyle, also similar susceptibility to illness and reacting similarly to treatments.

Each temperament has its own distinguishing characteristics. However, every one of us is something of a “hybrid”; in reality the temperaments are never found in their “pure” form. In that respect the following category descriptions overstate the case.

The sanguine type

People with a sanguine temperament in general tend to have strong heart and lungs. The chest cavity is the most developed part of the body. Sanguine types appear solid, broad, tending to stockiness, with short arms and legs. The general impression of their physique is repeated in the different parts of the body: Head and hands are broad rather than long, the cheeks are prominent, with a good complexion.

The heart and lungs, which are intended to facilitate the exchange of blood and air, are always vigorously active. The sanguine person is accordingly mobile, lively, open and sociable. A life enthusiast, who is fond of interaction, enjoys travel and is drawn to all sorts of activities which stimulate the heart and breathing.

Their predilection for social contact and gastronomic pleasures can lead to excessive eating and drinking - especially of stimulating nourishment like red meat, sausage and alcohol. Health problems may well ensue with blood circulation and respiration. The blood thickens and circulates poorly. Heart and circulation illnesses may arise (varicose vein, embolism, high blood pressure, heart attack) and breathing difficulties (lung congestion, asthma).

The melancholic type

People of melancholic temperament have pronounced development of the brain and nervous system. Not being very strong in the digestive region, nor with the lungs or muscles, they are not at all “rounded”. They are tall and slim. The body is frail, the limbs are delicate and the joints may protrude. The head is broad, especially in the area of the brain.

The melancholic type is inclined to be thoughtful, to deliberate and to analyse. This makes him appear reticent, sombre … melancholic. He is nervous and sensitive, impressionable, indecisive, irascible, anxious and stressed, but also lively, with hands and feet never still. He enjoys stimulants — of a physical nature (coffee, tea, tobacco, highly seasoned dishes, and so on), or else the psychological kind, in that he leads a restless kind of life, is very outgoing, and has a flair for lively discussions.

Since the melancholic person has a weak digestive tract, he eats only little, but often and irregularly. He is inclined to abuse stimulants. Fatigue of his nerves can lead to a string of disturbances: nervousness, anxiety states such as stress, depression, neuritis, neuralgia, migraine, insomnia.

The choleric type

Cholerics have a well developed musculo-skeletal system, lending them an athletic stature, with a square face and body. The eyebrows are straight, the gaze penetrating. Voice and demeanour show solid strength.

The passionate nature leaves the choleric person continually active and on the go. He is a great athlete and loves to expend his strength in physical activity — this, for him, is pleasure and challenge. He reacts quickly and prefers action to reflection. If something is going too slowly or his activity is thwarted, he very soon becomes impatient and irate.

Choleric people have a tendency to overindulge in “strong” foods like meat, sausages, cereals, sugar, fats, and for their flagging strength they enjoy using stimulants such as alcohol, coffee, tobacco.

The tendency to over-exertion can cause torn muscles, fractures, tendinitis or trouble with the joints (dislocations, rheumatism, arthritis). The improper diet causes mainly problems with the gallbladder (liver and gallbladder blockages and infections).

The phlegmatic type

A predominant digestive tract gives the person of phlegmatic temperament a long and solid body. He enjoys eating, but his life has little in the way of mobility, is on the slow side and he does not burn off very well what he consumes. He tends toward overweight, and especially because he very easily stores fat. His body seems voluminous, fat and soft; the limbs, however, are more lengthy, but solid and thick, because the muscles are surrounded by fat. The lymphatic system is likewise strongly developed. The lymph abundance adds to the body volume and sponginess of the tissues. Just as the sanguine type derives a reddish tint from his “blood surplus”, so does the lymph give the phlegmatic a pale tint. The phlegmatic type is calm, peaceful and patient, does not readily commit himself to physical activity, but prefers the indoor, sedate life.

Phlegmatic types enjoy eating, with quantity more important than quality. Rich foods and sauces, stodgy puddings and heavy meals, are favourites. The excess does, however, lead to an exhaustion of the digestive glands (insufficiency of the liver and pancreas) and the digestive organs are enlarged (stomach, gallbladder, intestine — constipation). Problems of the lymphatic system such as glandular inflammation, angina, cellulitis also frequently beset the phlegmatic.